springMVC REST风格 以及 利用ajax返回JSON数据 中文乱码 返回方式 SSM框架示例

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springMVC

属于SpringFrameWork的后续产品，已经融合在Spring Web Flow里面。Spring 框架提供了构建 Web 应用程序的全功能 MVC 模块。使用 Spring 可插入的 MVC 架构，从而在使用Spring进行WEB开发时，可以选择使用Spring的SpringMVC框架或集成其他MVC开发框架，如Struts1(现在一般不用)，Struts2(一般老项目使用)等。

pom.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">

    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <name>SSM-school</name>
    <groupId>com</groupId>
    <artifactId>SSM-school</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <dependencies>
        <!--spring AOP就是用aspectj来实现的，是依赖关系-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.8.8</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- spring-webmvc -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.12.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--事务-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.12.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--初始化会话工厂-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.12.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--mybatis框架-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--mybatis与spring对接的jar包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--mysql 数据库-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.44</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--数据源-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--JSP 标准标签库 (JSTL)-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--json转换工具包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.47</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

数据库

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DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS `school`;

CREATE DATABASE `school`;

USE `school`;

CREATE TABLE `classes`(
	`id` INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
	`name` VARCHAR(50)
)CHARSET=utf8;
CREATE TABLE `student`(
	`id` INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
	`name` VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
	`age` INT NOT NULL,
	`gender` VARCHAR(2) NOT NULL,
	`telephone` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
	`email` VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
	`classId` INT
)CHARSET=utf8;

INSERT INTO classes VALUES(DEFAULT,'one'),(DEFAULT,'two'),(DEFAULT,'three');
INSERT INTO student VALUES(DEFAULT,'张三',14,'男','10086','admin@icloud.com',1);
INSERT INTO student VALUES(DEFAULT,'李四',15,'女','10086','admin@icloud.com',2);
INSERT INTO student VALUES(DEFAULT,'王五',16,'男','10086','admin@icloud.com',3);

SELECT * FROM `classes`;
SELECT s.*,c.`id` 'classes.id',c.`name` 'classes.name' FROM `student` s,`classes` c WHERE s.`classId`=c.`id`;

database.properties 数据库配置文件

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db_url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/school
db_driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
db_username=root
db_password=simon

实体类 pojo

Student 学生类

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package com.pojo;

public class Student {

    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private String gender;
    private String telephone;
    private String email;
    private Classes classes;

    //省略getter和setter
}

Classes 年级类

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package com.pojo;

public class Classes {

    private Integer id;
    private String name;

    //省略getter和setter
}

DAO层

StudentDao DAO层

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package com.dao;

import com.pojo.Student;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

import java.util.List;

public interface StudentDao {
    List<Student> getStudents();

    Student getStudent(@Param("id") Integer id);

    Integer addStudent(Student student);
}

ClassesDao DAO层

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package com.dao;

import com.pojo.Classes;

import java.util.List;

public interface ClassesDao {
    List<Classes> getClasses();
}

service层

ClassesBiz

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package com.biz;

import com.pojo.Classes;

import java.util.List;

public interface ClassesBiz {
    List<Classes> getClasses();
}

StudentBiz

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package com.biz;

import com.pojo.Student;

import java.util.List;

public interface StudentBiz {
    List<Student> getStudents();

    Student getStudent(Integer id);

    Integer addStudent(Student student);
}

serviceImpl实现层

ClassesBizImpl

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package com.biz.impl;

import com.biz.ClassesBiz;
import com.dao.ClassesDao;
import com.pojo.Classes;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.List;

@Service
public class ClassesBizImpl implements ClassesBiz {
    @Resource
    private ClassesDao classesDao;

    public List<Classes> getClasses() {
        return classesDao.getClasses();
    }
}

StudentBizImpl

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package com.biz.impl;

import com.biz.StudentBiz;
import com.dao.StudentDao;
import com.pojo.Student;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.List;

@Service
public class StudentBizImpl implements StudentBiz {
    @Resource
    private StudentDao studentDao;

    public List<Student> getStudents() {
        return studentDao.getStudents();
    }

    public Student getStudent(Integer id) {
        return studentDao.getStudent(id);
    }

    public Integer addStudent(Student student) {
        return studentDao.addStudent(student);
    }
}

servlet层

StudentController

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package com.controller;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.biz.ClassesBiz;
import com.biz.StudentBiz;
import com.pojo.Student;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@Controller
public class StudentController {
    @Resource
    private StudentBiz studentBiz;
    @Resource
    private ClassesBiz classesBiz;

    @RequestMapping("/showStudents")
    public String showStudents(Model model) {
        model.addAttribute("students", studentBiz.getStudents());
        return "list";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/toAdd")
    public ModelAndView toAdd() {
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
        modelAndView.addObject("classes", classesBiz.getClasses());
        modelAndView.setViewName("add");
        return modelAndView;
    }

    @RequestMapping("/addStudent")
    public String addStudent(Student student, Model model) {
        studentBiz.addStudent(student);
        return showStudents(model);
    }

    /**
     * rest风格
     * 原地址栏 /view?id=7
     * rest风格 /view/7
     */
    @RequestMapping("/view/{id}")
    public ModelAndView view(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
        Student student = studentBiz.getStudent(id);
        modelAndView.addObject("student", student);
        modelAndView.setViewName("view");
        return modelAndView;
    }

    //局部编码格式配置 produces = {"application/json;charset=UTF-8"}
    //springMVC.xml JSON全局编码格式已设置
    //@ResponseBody 返回JSON注解
    @RequestMapping(value = "/stringJson/{id}")
    @ResponseBody
    public String stringJson(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
        Student student = studentBiz.getStudent(id);
        return JSON.toJSONString(student);
    }

    //局部编码格式配置 produces = {"application/json;charset=UTF-8"}
    //springMVC.xml JSON全局编码格式已设置
    //@ResponseBody 返回JSON注解
    @RequestMapping(value = "/objectJson/{id}")
    @ResponseBody
    public Object objectJson(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
        Student student = studentBiz.getStudent(id);
        return student;
    }
}

mybatis-config.xml mybatis配置文件

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <settings>
        <!-- 打印查询语句 -->
        <setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING"/>
        <!--达到 自动映射行为 : 全部FULL 局部的PARTIAL 禁止自动匹配NONE-->
        <setting name="autoMappingBehavior" value="FULL"/>
    </settings>
</configuration>

XXXMapper配置文件

ClassesMapper.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.dao.ClassesDao">
    <select id="getClasses" resultType="Classes">
        select * from classes
    </select>
</mapper>

StudentMapper.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.dao.StudentDao">
    <select id="getStudents" resultType="Student">
        SELECT s.*,c.`id` 'classes.id',c.`name` 'classes.name'
        FROM `student` s,`classes` c
        WHERE s.`classId`=c.`id`
    </select>
    <insert id="addStudent">
        INSERT INTO student
        VALUES(DEFAULT,#{name},#{age},#{gender},#{telephone},#{email},#{classes.id})
    </insert>
    <select id="getStudent" resultType="Student">
        SELECT s.*,c.`id` 'classes.id',c.`name` 'classes.name'
        FROM `student` s,`classes` c
        WHERE s.`classId`=c.`id` and s.id = #{id}
    </select>
</mapper>

springMVC.xml springMVC配置文件

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd"
       default-autowire="byName">

    <!--扫描注解的Bean-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.controller,com.biz"/>

    <!--begin  该事务声明在 application-context.xml 没有任何效果-->
    <!--声明式事务-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager" name="transactionManager"/>
    <!--声明式事务管理-->
    <!--已配置 default-autowire="byName" 根据名字自动注入 可不配置属性 transaction-manager="transactionManager"-->
    <tx:advice id="interceptor" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <!--配置拦截属性-->
        <tx:attributes>
            <!--REQUIRED：支持当前事务，如果当前没有事务，就新建一个事务。这是最常见的选择。-->
            <!--SUPPORTS：支持当前事务，如果当前没有事务，就以非事务方式执行。-->
            <!--MANDATORY：支持当前事务，如果当前没有事务，就抛出异常。-->
            <!--REQUIRES_NEW：新建事务，如果当前存在事务，把当前事务挂起。-->
            <!--NOT_SUPPORTED：以非事务方式执行操作，如果当前存在事务，就把当前事务挂起。-->
            <!--NEVER：以非事务方式执行，如果当前存在事务，则抛出异常。-->
            <!--NESTED：支持当前事务，如果当前事务存在，则执行一个嵌套事务，如果当前没有事务，就新建一个事务。-->
            <tx:method name="add*"/>
            <tx:method name="update*"/>
            <tx:method name="del*"/>
            <!--配置 get前缀的方法 只读并不支持-->
            <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true" propagation="NOT_SUPPORTED"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>
    <!--配置面向切面-->
    <aop:config>
        <!--声明一个切入点-->
        <aop:pointcut id="pointcut" expression="execution(* com.biz..*.*(..))"/>
        <!--定义切面-->
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="interceptor" pointcut-ref="pointcut"/>
    </aop:config>
    <!--end  该事务声明在 application-context.xml 没有任何效果-->

    <!--内部资源视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!--前缀解析-->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <!--后缀解析-->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

    <!--使 @Controller 注解生效-->
    <!--使 @ResponseBody 返回 object 时 利用 alibaba.fastjson 工具 转换-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven>
        <mvc:message-converters>
            <!--解决springmvc返回的json中文问题  -->
            <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
                <constructor-arg value="utf-8"/>
            </bean>
            <!--解决springMVC返回的json为object 时进行转换-->
            <bean class="com.alibaba.fastjson.support.spring.FastJsonHttpMessageConverter">
                <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
                    <list>
                        <value>application/json</value>
                    </list>
                </property>
            </bean>
        </mvc:message-converters>
    </mvc:annotation-driven>

    <!--配置静态文件资源的访问-->
    <!--否则 WEB-INF 下的 css 等资源文件访问不到-->
    <mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/WEB-INF/css/"/>
</beans>

application-context.xml spring 配置文件

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"
       default-autowire="byName">
    <!--default-autowire 配置默认自动注入-->

    <!--加载数据库配置文件 database.properties-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
        <property name="location" value="classpath:database.properties"/>
    </bean>

    <!--数据源配置-->
    <!--scope 作用域、生存空间 singleton 单例-->
    <bean class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" name="dataSource" scope="singleton">
        <property name="url" value="${db_url}"/>
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${db_driver}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${db_username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${db_password}"/>
        <!--配置最大连接池数量-->
        <!--<property name="maxActive" value="20"/>-->
        <!--配置获取连接等待超时的时间 单位/毫秒-->
        <!--<property name="maxWait" value="60000"/>-->
    </bean>

    <!--配置会话工厂-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean" name="sessionFactory">
        <!--已配置 default-autowire="byName" 通过名字自动匹配 可以忽略-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!--指定类型别名包 XXXMapper.xml 使用-->
        <property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.pojo"/>
        <!--配置映射器位置-->
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mybatis/mapping/xml/*.xml"/>
        <!--指定外部配置文件位置 (控制台显示SQL语句)-->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis/mybatis-config.xml"/>
    </bean>

    <!--Mapper扫描器配置-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!--扫描所有的dao接口-->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.dao"/>
        <!--会话工厂Bean名 默认找键值 sqlSessionFactory 的map -->
        <!--所以不用 ref 用value 且会话工厂名字定义为 sessionFactory 因此要多此配置-->
        <!--会话工厂配置 name 为 sqlSessionFactory 则不需要配置 sqlSessionFactoryBeanName-->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sessionFactory"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

web.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">

    <!--加载spring配置-->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:application-context.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <!--配置监听 (加载spring配置没效果)-->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <!--配置spring 作用域可以使用 request 和 session 值-->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <!--加载springMVC-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!--配置加载的springMVC.xml 默认为 servlet-name 的值 XXX-servlet.xml-->
        <!--DispatcherServlet-servlet.xml-->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springMVC.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <!--配置springMVC加载顺序-->
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <!--防止中文乱码-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

jsp页面

index.jsp

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<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="0; url=showStudents"/>
</body>
</html>

list.jsp 学生列表页面

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<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/css/style.css">
</head>
<body>
<a href="toAdd">添加学员</a>
<table border="1" width="80%">
    <thead>
    <tr>
        <td>编号</td>
        <td>姓名</td>
        <td>性别</td>
        <td>年龄</td>
        <td>电话</td>
        <td>email</td>
        <td>班级</td>
        <td>JSON</td>
    </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
    <c:forEach items="${students}" var="student">
        <tr>
            <td>${student.id}</td>
            <td><a href="/view/${student.id}">${student.name}</a></td>
            <td>${student.gender}</td>
            <td>${student.age}</td>
            <td>${student.telephone}</td>
            <td>${student.email}</td>
            <td>${student.classes.name}</td>
            <td>
                <a href="/stringJson/${student.id}">stringJson</a>
                <br>
                <a href="/objectJson/${student.id}">objectJson</a>
            </td>
        </tr>
    </c:forEach>
    </tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html>

add.jsp 新增学生页面

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<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/css/style.css">
</head>
<body>
<form action="addStudent" method="post">
    <table border="1" width="50%">
        <tr>
            <td>姓名</td>
            <td><input type="text" name="name"/></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>性别</td>
            <td><input type="text" name="gender"/></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>年龄</td>
            <td><input type="text" name="age"/></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>电话</td>
            <td><input type="text" name="telephone"/></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>email</td>
            <td><input type="text" name="email"/></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>班级</td>
            <td>
                <select name="classes.id">
                    <c:forEach items="${classes}" var="clazz">
                        <option value="${clazz.id}">${clazz.name}</option>
                    </c:forEach>
                </select>
            </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td colspan="2">
                <input type="submit" value="增加"/>
            </td>
        </tr>
    </table>
</form>
</body>
</html>

view.jsp 学生详情页面

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<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/css/style.css">
</head>
<body>
<table border="1" width="80%">
    <thead>
    <tr>
        <td>编号</td>
        <td>姓名</td>
        <td>性别</td>
        <td>年龄</td>
        <td>电话</td>
        <td>email</td>
        <td>班级</td>
    </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
    <tr>
        <td>${student.id}</td>
        <td>${student.name}</td>
        <td>${student.gender}</td>
        <td>${student.age}</td>
        <td>${student.telephone}</td>
        <td>${student.email}</td>
        <td>${student.classes.name}</td>
    </tr>
    </tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html>

示例下载 密码: sfgt